Vagbhata mentions Charaka and Susruta but not Madhava. The time of Madhavakara, son of Indrakara, cannot be stated with certainty. The other commentary Antak-darpan by Vachaspati also belongs to the later half of the fourteenth century. The most famous of these commentaries was Madhukosh by Vijayaraksita and his pupil Srikanthadatta in the fourteenth century. In later times, numerous commentaries were written on Madhava's Nidana, which indicate the fame and popularity of this work. It, however, literally quotes, many a time, Charaka and Susruta, which shows the borrowing it made from these sources. Its description of diseases shows a significant advancement compared with that of Charaka and Susruta Samhita.Ī special chapter is devoted to small-pox, which previously was described only in a minor way. The order in which it describes the causes, symptoms and complications of the important diseases sets an example for the future authors such as Vrinda, Vangasena and Chakrapanidatta. It specializes in the diagnosis of the diseases. It is easily understandable by ordinary physicians and became very popular and came to be known as Madhava nidana or simply Nidana. Rug Vinishchaya, Madhavakara's famous treatise, is written in simple language and style. Later writers like Sharangadhara, Chakrapanidatta and Bhavamisra quoted these treatises repeatedly in their works. These treatises of Vagbhata were extensively used and, in fact, they overshadowed the earlier samhitas to the extent that some portions of them were lost never to be recovered. This is particularly noticeable in the new drugs and some of the new surgical procedures that have been introduced. 1473 by Hakim Ali Mohammed Bin Ali Ismaili Asavali Aseeli, and dedicated to Mahmood Shah I, the ruler of Gujarat.Īshtanga Samgraha and Ashtanga Hridya, particularly the latter, indicate advancement in knowledge over the two samhitas of Charaka and Susruta. Commentaries on it have been written from time to time by as many as 35 important Ayurvedic physicians, each one interpreting it to the best of his knowledge and experience.Īshtanga Hridya was translated from Sanskrit into Persian in A.D.
A popular later couplet says : "The best authorities in medicine are Madhava for nidana (diagnosis), Vagbhata for sutra sthana (theoretical basis or general principles), Susruta for shrira (structure of the body) and Charaka for chikitsa (treatment)."Īshtanga Hridya has all along been a very popular treatise. Sutra-sthana of Ashtanga Hridya is especially famous and popular. Use of 'killed' (oxidized) metals is also not given in it. It does not mention the user of opium in the treatment of diseases and feeling of the pulse for diagnosis.
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